An investigation of global public diplomacy and its influence on national identity: A case study of soft power initiatives in Abuja
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Background of the Study
Global public diplomacy, which involves the strategic use of communication and cultural exchange to promote a nation's image, plays a pivotal role in shaping national identity. Soft power initiatives—such as cultural programs, educational exchanges, and media campaigns—are central to this process. In Abuja, state-sponsored programs aim to project a positive national identity abroad and foster a sense of unity and pride domestically (Mitchell, 2023). This study investigates how global public diplomacy influences national identity by examining the design, implementation, and outcomes of soft power initiatives in Abuja. It assesses the extent to which these initiatives enhance international perceptions and contribute to a cohesive national narrative. The research employs content analysis, public opinion surveys, and interviews with cultural diplomats to evaluate the effectiveness of these efforts, while also considering challenges such as inconsistent messaging and competing global narratives (Nelson, 2024; Owens, 2025).
Statement of the problem
Despite significant investments in soft power initiatives, the influence of global public diplomacy on national identity in Abuja remains contested. Critics argue that while state-sponsored programs can enhance a nation’s image, fragmented messaging and cultural oversimplifications may dilute the intended impact, leading to ambiguous or even contradictory perceptions of national identity (Mitchell, 2023). This study addresses whether current public diplomacy efforts effectively project a cohesive national identity or if inherent challenges in messaging and implementation limit their overall influence (Nelson, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the role of soft power initiatives in shaping national identity in Abuja.
To assess the effectiveness of public diplomacy in projecting a cohesive national image.
To propose strategies for enhancing the impact of global public diplomacy.
Research questions
How do soft power initiatives influence national identity in Abuja?
What challenges undermine their effectiveness?
What measures can improve the coherence of public diplomacy messaging?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides insights into the relationship between global public diplomacy and national identity formation. The findings will guide policymakers and cultural institutions in refining soft power strategies to enhance national image and social cohesion (Mitchell, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to evaluating soft power initiatives in Abuja; broader aspects of public diplomacy are not considered.
Definitions of terms
Global public diplomacy: Efforts by governments to influence international public opinion.
National identity: The shared characteristics and values that define a nation.
Soft power initiatives: Cultural and communicative strategies used to enhance national image (Owens, 2025).
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